Kutarisa kune akasiyana mutsara mota dziripo uye maitiro ekusarudza iwo akanakisa mhando yechishandiso chako.
Chinyorwa chinotevera chitarisiko chemhando dzakasiyana dzemitsetse motors dziripo, kusanganisira misimboti yekushanda, nhoroondo yekuvandudza magineti echigarire, nzira dzekugadzira dzemitsetse motors uye zvikamu zveindasitiri vachishandisa imwe neimwe mhando yemutsara mota.
Linear Motor Technology inogona kuva: Linear Induction Motors (LIM) kana Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors (PMLSM).PMLSM inogona kunge iri musimboti wesimbi kana isina iron.Ese mota dzinowanikwa muflat kana tubular kumisikidzwa.Hiwin anga ari pamberi peiyo mutsara mota dhizaini uye kugadzira kwemakore makumi maviri.
Zvakanakira Linear Motors
Mota yemutsara inoshandiswa kupa mutsara mafambiro, kureva, kufambisa yakapihwa mubhadharo painotemerwa kukwidziridza, kumhanya, nhambwe yekufamba uye nemazvo.Ese tekinoroji tekinoroji kunze kwemutsara mota inotyairwa imwe mhando yemuchina dhiraivha yekushandura inotenderera inofamba kuita mutsara inofamba.Mafambiro akadaro anofambiswa nebhora screws, mabhandi kana rack uye pinion.Hupenyu hwesevhisi hwese madhiraivha aya hunoenderana zvakanyanya nekupfekwa kwemechini zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kushandura kutenderera kwekufamba kuita mutsara kufamba uye ipfupi.
Mukana mukuru wemutsetse mota ndeyekupa mutsara kufamba pasina chero mechanika system nekuti mweya ndiyo yekufambisa svikiro, saka mutsara mota dzinenge dziine frictionless drives, ichipa theoretically unlimited service life.Nekuti hapana mekiniki zvikamu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira mutsara kufamba, kukwirisa kwakanyanya kumhanya kunogoneka uko mamwe madhiraivha akadai sebhora screws, mabhandi kana rack uye pinion achasangana nemipimo yakakomba.
Linear Induction Motors
Fig 1
Iyo linear induction mota (LIM) ndiyo yekutanga kugadzirwa (US patent 782312 - Alfred Zehden muna 1905).Iyo inoumbwa ne "primary" inoumbwa ne stack yemagetsi simbi laminations uye kuwanda kwemhangura coil inopihwa neatatu-phase voltage uye "yechipiri" kazhinji inoumbwa nendiro yesimbi uye mhangura kana aluminium ndiro.
Kana macoil ekutanga achipihwa simba yechipiri inova ine magnetized uye munda weeddy currents unoumbwa mune yechipiri conductor.Iyi yechipiri ndima inozobatana neyekutanga kumashure EMF kugadzira simba.Mafambiro ekufamba achatevera mutemo waFleming wekuruboshwe kureva;iyo nzira yekufamba ichave yakatarisana negwara kune yazvino uye nzira yemunda / flux.
Fig 2
Linear induction motors inopa mukana wemutengo wakaderera nekuti yechipiri haishandise chero magineti echigarire.NdFeB uye SmCo magineti echigarire anodhura zvakanyanya.Linear induction motors dzinoshandisa zvakajairika zvinhu, (simbi, aluminium, mhangura), kune yavo yechipiri uye kubvisa iyi njodzi yekupihwa.
Nekudaro, iyo yakaderera yekushandisa mutsara induction motors ndiko kuwanikwa kwemadhiraivha emota dzakadaro.Kunyangwe zviri nyore kwazvo kuwana madhiraivha echigarire magineti linear motors, zvakaoma kwazvo kuwana madhiraivha emutsara induction motors.
Fig 3
Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors
Permanent magineti linear synchronous motors (PMLSM) ane akanyanya kufanana ekutanga seane mutsara induction motors (kureva, seti yemakoiri akaiswa pamurwi wemagetsi esimbi laminations uye inofambiswa nenhatu-chikamu voltage).Yechipiri inosiyana.
Panzvimbo pendiro yealuminium kana mhangura yakaiswa pandiro yesimbi, yechipiri inoumbwa nemagineti asingagumi akaiswa pandiro yesimbi.Imwe neimwe nzira yemagineti yemagineti ichachinjana maererano neyakapfuura sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 3.
Kubatsira kuri pachena kwekushandisa magineti echigarire ndiko kugadzira munda usingagumi mune yechipiri.Takaona kuti simba rinogadzirwa pane induction motor nekubatana kwemunda wekutanga uye chikamu chechipiri chinowanikwa chete mushure mokunge munda weeddy currents wagadzirwa mune yechipiri kuburikidza nemoto airgap.Izvi zvinozokonzera kunonoka kunonzi "kutsvedza" uye kufamba kwechipiri kusiri kuenderana neiyo yekutanga voltage inopihwa kune yekutanga.
Nechikonzero ichi, induction linear motors inonzi "asynchronous".Pane yekusingaperi magineti mutsara mota, iyo yechipiri kufamba inogara ichienderana neyekutanga voltage nekuti yechipiri ndima inogara iripo uye pasina kunonoka.Nechikonzero ichi, zvisingaperi mutsara mota dzinonzi "synchronous".
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemagineti asingagumi anogona kushandiswa paPMLSM.Mumakore 120 apfuura, reshiyo yechinhu chimwe nechimwe yakachinja.Kubva nhasi, maPMLSM ari kushandisa magineti eNdFeB kana maSmCo magineti asi ruzhinji rwuri kushandisa magineti eNdFeB.Fig. 4 inoratidza nhoroondo yePermanent magnet development.
Fig 4
Magnet simba rinoratidzwa neayo simba chigadzirwa muMegagauss-Oersteds, (MGOe).Kusvika pakati pemakore makumi masere chete Simbi, Ferrite neAlnico vaivepo uye vachiunza zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakaderera.SmCo magineti akagadzirwa mukutanga 1960 zvichienderana nebasa naKarl Strnat naAlden Ray uye akazotengeswa mukupera kwamakumi matanhatu.
Fig 5
Chigadzirwa chesimba cheSmCo magineti pakutanga chaive chinopfuura kaviri chesimba chigadzirwa cheAlnico magineti.Muna 1984 General Motors neSumitomo vakazvimiririra vakagadzira magineti eNdFeB, musanganiswa weNeodynium, Iron neBoron.Kuenzanisa kweSmCo neNdFeB magineti kunoratidzwa muFig. 5.
Magineti eNdFeB anokura simba rakakwirira kupfuura magineti eSmCo asi anonyanya kunzwira tembiricha.SmCo magineti zvakare akanyanya kushingirira kune corrosion uye yakaderera tembiricha asi anodhura.Kana tembiricha yekushanda yasvika patembiricha yepamusoro yemagineti magineti anotanga kuita demagnetize, uye iyi demagnetization haidzokerike.Iyo magineti inorasa magineti ichaita kuti mota irasikirwe nesimba uye itadze kusangana neiyo specs.Kana iyo magineti ikashanda pazasi tembiricha yepamusoro 100% yenguva, simba rayo richachengetedzwa kanenge nekusingaperi.
Nekuda kwemutengo wepamusoro weSmCo magineti, magineti eNdFeB ndiyo sarudzo yakanaka kune mazhinji mota, kunyanya kupihwa simba repamusoro riripo.Nekudaro, kune mamwe maapplication uko tembiricha yekushandisa inogona kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya zviri nani kushandisa magineti eSmCo kuti ugare kure nekushisa kwakanyanya kwekushanda.
Dhizaini ye Linear mota
Iyo linear mota inowanzo gadzirwa kuburikidza neFinite Element Electromagnetic Simulation.Iyo 3D modhi ichagadzirwa kumiririra lamination stack, coils, magineti, uye simbi ndiro inotsigira magineti.Mhepo ichaitwa yakatenderedza mota pamwe neiyo airgap.Ipapo zvivakwa zvemidziyo zvinopinzwa kune ese maficha: magineti, simbi yemagetsi, simbi, makoiri, uye mweya.Mesh inozogadzirwa uchishandisa H kana P zvinhu uye modhi inogadziriswa.Zvadaro ikozvino inoshandiswa kune imwe neimwe coil mumuenzaniso.
Mufananidzo 6 unoratidza kuburitsa kwekufananidza uko flux mu tesla inoratidzwa.Iyo huru yekubuda kukosha kwekufarira yekufananidza ndeyechokwadi Motor force uye ichave iripo.Nekuti kutendeuka kwekupedzisira kwemakoiri hakuburitse chero simba, zvinogoneka zvakare kumhanyisa 2D simulation uchishandisa 2D modhi (DXF kana imwe fomati) yemota inosanganisira laminations, magineti, uye ndiro yesimbi inotsigira magineti.Kubuda kweiyo 2D simulation ichave iri padyo zvakanyanya neiyo 3D simulation uye yakarurama zvakakwana kuti iongorore simba remota.
Fig 6
Iyo mutsara induction mota inozoteedzerwa nenzira imwechete, kungave kuburikidza ne3D kana 2D modhi asi kugadzirisa kuchave kwakaoma kupfuura kwePMLSM.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo magineti flux yePMLSM sekondari inozoteedzerwa ipapo mushure mekupinda magineti zvivakwa, saka imwe chete inogadziriswa ndiyo inozodiwa kuwana ese anobuda hunhu kusanganisira mota simba.
Nekudaro, iyo yechipiri flux yeiyo induction mota inoda kuongororwa kwenguva pfupi (zvinoreva akati wandei anogadzirisa panguva yakatarwa) kuitira kuti iyo magineti flux yeLIM yechipiri ivakwe uye chete ipapo simba rinogona kuwanikwa.Iyo software inoshandiswa kune Electromagnetic Finite Element Simulation ichada kuve nehunyanzvi hwekumhanyisa ongororo yenguva pfupi.
Linear Motor Stage
Fig 7
Hiwin Corporation inopa mutsara mota pachikamu chechikamu.Muchiitiko ichi, chete mutsara mota uye yechipiri modules ichaunzwa.Kune mota yePMLSM, iwo echipiri mamodule achange aine mahwendefa esimbi ehurefu hwakasiyana pamusoro pawo pachaunganidzwa magineti echigarire.Hiwin Corporation inopawo matanho akazara sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo wechinomwe.
Danho rakadaro rinosanganisira furemu, mutsara mabhengi, mota yepuraimari, yechipiri magineti, ngoro yekuti mutengi abatanidze mubhadharo wake, encoder, uye tambo yetambo.Iyo linear mota nhanho ichave yakagadzirira kutanga pakuunza uye kuita kuti hupenyu huve nyore nekuti mutengi haazodi kugadzira nekugadzira nhanho, inoda ruzivo rwenyanzvi.
Linear Motor Stage Service Hupenyu
Hupenyu hwesevhisi yemutsara mota nhanho yakareba zvakanyanya kupfuura nhanho inofambiswa nebhandi, bhora screw kana rack uye pinion.Iwo emakanika ezvikamu zvematanho anotyairwa zvisina kunanga ndiwo anowanzoita zvinhu zvekutanga kutadza nekuda kwekukweshana uye kupfeka izvo zvinogara zvichiratidzwa.Iyo linear mota nhanho ndeye yakananga dhiraivha isina mechaniki yekubata kana kupfeka nekuti yekufambisa yepakati imhepo.Naizvozvo, izvo chete zvikamu zvinogona kutadza pamutsara mota nhanho ndiwo mutsara mabhengi kana mota pachayo.
Iwo mutsara mabhengi anowanzo ane hupenyu hwakareba kwazvo sevhisi nekuti iyo radial mutoro wakadzikira.Hupenyu hwesevhisi hwemota huchaenderana neavhareji yekumhanya tembiricha.Mufananidzo 8 unoratidza hupenyu hwekudzivirira mota sebasa rekushisa.Mutemo ndewekuti hupenyu hwesevhisi huchadzikiswa nepakati pamadhigirii gumi ega ega kuti tembiricha iri pamusoro petembiricha yakayerwa.Semuenzaniso, mota Insulation class F inomhanya maawa 325,000 paavhareji tembiricha ye120°C.
Naizvozvo, zvinofanooneswa kuti mutsara mota nhanho ichave nehupenyu hwesevhisi hwemakumi mashanu+ makore kana mota yakasarudzwa zvakachengetedzeka, hupenyu hwesevhisi isingambowanikwe nebhandi, bhora screw, kana rack uye pinion inofambiswa matanho.
Fig 8
Zvikumbiro zve Linear Motors
Linear induction motors (LIM) inonyanya kushandiswa mumashandisirwo ane hurefu hwekufamba uye panodiwa simba repamusoro rakasanganiswa nekumhanya kwakanyanya.Chikonzero chekusarudza mutsara induction mota imhaka yekuti mutengo wesekondari uchave wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane kana uchishandisa PMLSM uye nekumhanya kwakanyanya Linear Induction mota kunyatsoshanda kwakakwira zvakanyanya, saka simba shoma richarasika.
Semuenzaniso, EMALS (Electromagnetic Launch Systems), inoshandiswa pavatakuri vendege kuburitsa ndege vari kushandisa mutsara induction motors.Yekutanga yakadaro linear motor system yakaiswa paUSS Gerald R. Ford inotakura ndege.Motokari inogona kumhanyisa ndege ye45,000 kg pa240 km/h panzira ye91-metres.
Mumwe muenzaniso wepaki yekunakidzwa inotasva.Iwo mutsara induction motors akaiswa pane mamwe eaya masisitimu anogona kumhanyisa mubhadharo wakanyanya kubva pa0 kusvika 100 km/h mumasekonzi matatu.Linear induction mota matanho anogona zvakare kushandiswa paRTUs, (Robot Transport Units).Mazhinji maRTU ari kushandisa rack uye pinion madhiraivha asi mutsara induction mota inogona kupa mashandiro epamusoro, mutengo wakaderera, uye hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
PMLSMs anowanzo shandiswa pamaapplication ane diki sitiroko, yakaderera kumhanya asi yakakwira kusvika yakanyanya kurongeka uye kutenderera kwebasa rakasimba.Zvizhinji zvezvishandiso izvi zvinowanikwa muAOI (Automated Optical Inspection), semiconductor uye laser machine industries.
Kusarudzwa kwematanho emutsetse anotyairwa mota, (yakananga dhiraivha), inopa akakosha mabhenefiti ekuita pamusoro pezvisina kunanga dhiraivha, (matanho apo mutsara wekufamba unowanikwa nekushandura inotenderera kufamba), kune anogara kwenguva refu madhizaini uye akakodzera maindasitiri mazhinji.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-06-2023